Alprazolam - Revision history

Zeki at 06:59, 5 September 2024

2024-09-05T06:59:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:59, 5 September 2024
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	[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]		[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]

			[[:Category: Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs \| '''Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs''']]

	'''Drug class: [[:Category: benzodiazepine \| Benzodiazepines, BDZs]]		'''Drug class: [[:Category: benzodiazepine \| Benzodiazepines, BDZs]]

Zeki at 06:59, 5 September 2024

2024-09-05T06:59:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:59, 5 September 2024
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	[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]		[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]

			'''Drug class: [[:Category: benzodiazepine \| Benzodiazepines, BDZs]]

	'''Alprazolam'''(中文:[[阿普唑侖]]) is a short-acting benzodiazepine. It is used in the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD improvement occurs generally within a week. Alprazolam is generally taken by mouth.		'''Alprazolam'''(中文:[[阿普唑侖]]) is a short-acting benzodiazepine. It is used in the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD improvement occurs generally within a week. Alprazolam is generally taken by mouth.

Helen: /* Drug interaction */

2020-10-14T04:45:32Z

Drug interaction

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:45, 14 October 2020
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	\|Increased sedative effect		\|Increased sedative effect
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| Antipsychotics		!style="text-align: left"\| Antipsychotics
	\|Alprazolam possibly increases plasma concentration of haloperidol		\|Alprazolam possibly increases plasma concentration of haloperidol
	\|-		\|-

Helen at 04:45, 14 October 2020

2020-10-14T04:45:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:45, 14 October 2020
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	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==

	Sedative drugs, including alprazolam, have been associated with an increased risk of death.		Sedative drugs, including alprazolam, have been associated with an increased risk of death.

	Possible side effects include:		Possible side effects include:

	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"
	\|style="text-align: left"\|~~'''~~ Very common~~'''~~ (>10% of incidence)		!style="text-align: left"\| Very common (>10% of incidence)
	or~~'''~~ Common ~~'''~~(1-10% of incidence)		or Common (1-10% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Amnesia and concentration problems		*Amnesia and concentration problems
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	*Paradoxical increase in aggression		*Paradoxical increase in aggression
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\|~~'''~~ Infrequent~~'''~~ (0.1 -1% of incidence)		!style="text-align: left"\| Infrequent (0.1 -1% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Dizziness		*Dizziness
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	*Visual disturbances		*Visual disturbances
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Rare~~'''~~ (<0.1% of incidence)		!style="text-align: left"\| Rare (<0.1% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Apnoea		*Apnoea
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!Drugs given with alprazolam		!style="text-align: left"\| Drugs given with alprazolam
	!Potential Effect		!style="text-align: left"\| Potential Effect
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Alcohol		!style="text-align: left"\| Alcohol
	\|Alcohol and alprazolam taken in combination have a synergistic effect on one another, which can cause severe sedation and intoxication.		\|Alcohol and alprazolam taken in combination have a synergistic effect on one another, which can cause severe sedation and intoxication.
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Opioid analgesics		!style="text-align: left"\| Opioid analgesics
	Codeine, morphine, oxycodone		Codeine, morphine, oxycodone
	\|Increased sedative effect		\|Increased sedative effect
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Antidepressants		!style="text-align: left"\| Antidepressants
	\|Plasma concentration of alprazolam increased by FLUOXETINE.		\|Plasma concentration of alprazolam increased by FLUOXETINE.
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Antifungals		!style="text-align: left"\| Antifungals
	\|Plasma concentration of alprazolam increased by KETOCONAZOLE, ITRACONAZOLE – avoid concomitant use		\|Plasma concentration of alprazolam increased by KETOCONAZOLE, ITRACONAZOLE – avoid concomitant use
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Antihistamines (e.g. promethazine)		!style="text-align: left"\| Antihistamines (e.g. promethazine)
	\|Increased sedative effect		\|Increased sedative effect
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Antipsychotics		\|style="text-align: left"\| Antipsychotics
	\|Alprazolam possibly increases plasma concentration of haloperidol		\|Alprazolam possibly increases plasma concentration of haloperidol
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| ~~'''~~Digoxin		!style="text-align: left"\| Digoxin
	\|Alprazolam increases plasma concentration of DIGOXIN (increased risk of toxicity)		\|Alprazolam increases plasma concentration of DIGOXIN (increased risk of toxicity)
	\|}		\|}

Helen at 02:39, 12 October 2020

2020-10-12T02:39:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:39, 11 October 2020
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	[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]		[[Category: Drugs]][[Category:benzodiazepine]]
			'''Alprazolam'''(中文:[[阿普唑侖]]) is a short-acting benzodiazepine. It is used in the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD improvement occurs generally within a week. Alprazolam is generally taken by mouth.
	~~==Introduction==~~
	Alprazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine. It is used in the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD improvement occurs generally within a week. Alprazolam is generally taken by mouth.

	==Pronunciation==		==Pronunciation==
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	[[File:Alprazolam 0.25mg (XANAX).mp3]]		[[File:Alprazolam 0.25mg (XANAX).mp3]]

			==Drug Names==
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!Generic Name 藥名		!Generic Name 藥名

Helen: /* Dosage */

2020-10-06T07:58:17Z

Dosage

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:58, 6 October 2020
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!style="text-align: left"\| Short-term use in anxiety		!style="text-align: left"\| Short-term use in anxiety
	\|'' mouth		\|'' By mouth
	*ADULT: 250 – 500 micrograms 3 times a day, increased if necessary, every 3 to 4 days, up to 3 mg daily.		*ADULT: 250 – 500 micrograms 3 times a day, increased if necessary, every 3 to 4 days, up to 3 mg daily.
	*ELDERLY: 250 micrograms 2 – 3 times a day		*ELDERLY: 250 micrograms 2 – 3 times a day

Helen: /* Dosage */

2020-10-06T07:58:03Z

Dosage

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:58, 6 October 2020
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!style="text-align: left"\| Short-term use in anxiety		!style="text-align: left"\| Short-term use in anxiety
	\|By mouth		\|'' mouth
	*ADULT: 250 – 500 micrograms 3 times a day, increased if necessary, every 3 to 4 days, up to 3 mg daily.		*ADULT: 250 – 500 micrograms 3 times a day, increased if necessary, every 3 to 4 days, up to 3 mg daily.
	*ELDERLY: 250 micrograms 2 – 3 times a day		*ELDERLY: 250 micrograms 2 – 3 times a day

Helen at 07:56, 6 October 2020

2020-10-06T07:56:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:56, 6 October 2020
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	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"
	!style="text-align: left"\| Very common (>10% of incidence)		\|style="text-align: left"\|''' Very common''' (>10% of incidence)
	or Common (1-10% of incidence)		or''' Common '''(1-10% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Amnesia and concentration problems		*Amnesia and concentration problems
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	*Paradoxical increase in aggression		*Paradoxical increase in aggression
	\|-		\|-
	!style="text-align: left"\| Infrequent (0.1 -1% of incidence)		\|style="text-align: left"\|''' Infrequent''' (0.1 -1% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Dizziness		*Dizziness
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	*Visual disturbances		*Visual disturbances
	\|-		\|-
	!style="text-align: left"\| Rare (<0.1% of incidence)		\|style="text-align: left"\| '''Rare''' (<0.1% of incidence)
	\|		\|
	*Apnoea		*Apnoea

Helen at 07:32, 6 October 2020

2020-10-06T07:32:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:32, 6 October 2020
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	==Drug Management==		==Drug Management==
	===Monitoring===		====Monitoring====
	*changes in mood, the development or worsening depression, and/or any thoughts or behaviour of suicide.		*changes in mood, the development or worsening depression, and/or any thoughts or behaviour of suicide.
	*Fall prevention in elderly patients		*Fall prevention in elderly patients

	===Dependence and Withdrawal===		====Dependence and Withdrawal====
	Dependence is particularly likely in patients with a history of alcohol or drug abuse and in those with marked personality disorders. Alprazolam should therefore be withdrawn by gradual reduction of the dose after regular use for even a few weeks; the time needed for withdrawal cab vary from about 4 weeks to a year or more.		Dependence is particularly likely in patients with a history of alcohol or drug abuse and in those with marked personality disorders. Alprazolam should therefore be withdrawn by gradual reduction of the dose after regular use for even a few weeks; the time needed for withdrawal cab vary from about 4 weeks to a year or more.

	===Drug interaction===		====Drug interaction====
	Enhanced sedation or respiratory and cardiovascular depression may occur if alprazolam is given with other drugs that have CNS-depressant properties; these include alcohol, antidepressants, sedative antihistamines, antipsychotics, and opioid analgesics.		Enhanced sedation or respiratory and cardiovascular depression may occur if alprazolam is given with other drugs that have CNS-depressant properties; these include alcohol, antidepressants, sedative antihistamines, antipsychotics, and opioid analgesics.
	Alprazolam is primarily metabolized via CYP3A4. Combining CYP3A4 inhibitors such as cimetidine, erythromycin, and itraconazole delay the hepatic clearance of alprazolam, which may result in its accumulation and increased severity of its side-effects.		Alprazolam is primarily metabolized via CYP3A4. Combining CYP3A4 inhibitors such as cimetidine, erythromycin, and itraconazole delay the hepatic clearance of alprazolam, which may result in its accumulation and increased severity of its side-effects.
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	\|}		\|}

	===Caution===		====Caution====
	*particular care in pregnancy,		*particular care in pregnancy,
	*elderly, due to increased susceptibility to side-effects, especially loss of coordination and drowsiness		*elderly, due to increased susceptibility to side-effects, especially loss of coordination and drowsiness
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	*avoid prolonged use and abrupt withdrawal thereafter		*avoid prolonged use and abrupt withdrawal thereafter

	===Contra-indications===		====Contra-indications====
	*Should be avoided in severe hepatic impairment		*Should be avoided in severe hepatic impairment
	*Chronic psychosis		*Chronic psychosis
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	*Acute narrow-angle glaucoma		*Acute narrow-angle glaucoma

	===Hepatic impairment===		====Hepatic impairment====
	*Start with smaller initial doses or reduce dose.		*Start with smaller initial doses or reduce dose.
	*Can precipitate coma.		*Can precipitate coma.

	===Renal impairment===		====Renal impairment====
	*Start with small doses in severe impairment.		*Start with small doses in severe impairment.

	===Pregnancy===		====Pregnancy====
	The use of alprazolam during pregnancy is associated with congenital abnormalities.		The use of alprazolam during pregnancy is associated with congenital abnormalities.

	===Breast-feeding===		====Breast-feeding====
	Use during breast feeding is not recommended.		Use during breast feeding is not recommended.

	===Driving and skilled tasks===		====Driving and skilled tasks====
	May impair judgment and increase reaction time, and so affect ability to drive or operate machinery.		May impair judgment and increase reaction time, and so affect ability to drive or operate machinery.

Helen: /* FAQ */

2020-10-06T06:33:36Z

FAQ

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:33, 6 October 2020
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	==== What should I avoid while taking? ====		==== What should I avoid while taking? ====
	Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.		Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.

	Do not drink any alcohol or use recreational drugs while taking alprazolam		Do not drink any alcohol or use recreational drugs while taking alprazolam
	==== What happen if I overdose? ====		==== What happen if I overdose? ====