Zeki at 07:40, 5 December 2024

2024-12-05T07:40:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:40, 5 December 2024
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	'''Amikacin (AMIKIN)'''（中文：[[阿米卡星]]）		'''Amikacin (AMIKIN)'''（中文：[[阿米卡星]]）
			==Common Strengths==
			*Injection: 250 mg/2 mL
			*Injection: 500 mg/2 mL

			==Drug Trade Names==
			Amikin

			==Drug Usage==
			Amikacin is used for treating:
			*Serious bacterial infections, particularly those resistant to other antibiotics.
			*Infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species.
			*It may also be used for non-tubercular mycobacterial infections when first-line treatment fail.

			==Mechanism of Action==
			Amikacin binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, inhibiting protein synthesis. This interference leads to the productions of non-functional proteins, ultimately killing the bacteria.

			==Route of Administration==
			The aminoglycosides are not absorbed from the gut and must therefore be given by injection for systemic infections. Amikacin is administered via:
			*Intravenous (IV)
			*Intramuscular (IM)
			*Inhalation (in specific formulations)

			==Dosages==
			General dosing for adults with normal renal function is:
			*15 mg/kg/day, divided into doses every 8 to 12 hours.

			==Side Effects==
			{\| class="wikitable"
			!style="text-align: left"\| Frequency
			!Adverse reactions
			\|-
			\| rowspan="4" \| '''Common Side Effect
			\| Nausea
			\|-
			\| Vomiting
			\|-
			\| Injection site pain
			\|-
			\| Loss of appetite
			\|-
			\| rowspan="4" \| '''Serious Side Effect
			\| Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage)
			\|-
			\| Ototoxicity (hearing loss)
			\|-
			\| Neuromuscular blockade
			\|-
			\| Allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis
			\|}

			==Pharmacokinetics==
			Absorption:
			*Amikacin is poorly absorbed when taken orally; thus, it must be administered parenterally (intravenously or intramuscularly).
			*After intramuscular administration, peak serum concentrations are typically reached within 0.5 to 2 hours. For intravenous administration, peak levels can occur immediately after infusion.
			Metabolism:
			*Amikacin is not metabolized significantly in the body;
			*About 98-99% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine.
			*Only a small fraction (1-2%) is excreted via bile.
			Elimination:
			*The elimination half-life of amikacin ranges from 2 to 3 hours in individuals with normal renal function. However, this can increase significantly in patients with renal impairment.
			*The drug is primarily cleared by the kidneys through glomerular filtration. In patients with reduced kidney function, dosing intervals must be adjusted to prevent accumulation and potential toxicity.

			==Drug Precautions==
			'''Pregnancy

			Amikacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks of congenital deafness in infants.

			'''Breastfeeding

			Amikacin can pass into breast milk; consult a healthcare provider before breastfeeding.

			'''Children and Elderly

			Use with caution in children and elderly patients due to increased sensitivity to side effects.

			'''Drug Monitoring Items

			Regular monitoring of kidney function, hearing test, and serum drug levels is recommended during treatment.

			'''Drug Interactions

			Amikacin may interact with:
			*Furosemide: This diuretic can enhance the nephrotoxic effects of amikacin, increasing the risk of kidney damage.
			*Vancomycin: Concurrent use can lead to increased nephrotoxicity.
			*Cisplatin and Amphotericin B: Both are nephrotoxic and should be avoided alongside amikacin.
			*Neuromuscular blockers (e.g. succinylcholine): Amikacin can exacerbate neuromuscular blockade, leading to respiratory paralysis in susceptible individuals.

Zeki: Created page with "Category: DrugsCategory: Aminoglycoside '''Oral Antibiotics''' '''Drug class: Aminoglycoside Antibiotics..."

2024-12-05T04:11:03Z

Created page with "Category: Drugs Category: Aminoglycoside '''Oral Antibiotics''' '''Drug class: Aminoglycoside Antibiotics..."

New page

[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Aminoglycoside]]

[[:Category: Antibiotics | '''Oral Antibiotics''']]

'''Drug class: [[:Category: Aminoglycoside | Aminoglycoside Antibiotics]]'''

'''Amikacin (AMIKIN)'''（中文：[[阿米卡星]]）

Amikacin - Revision history

Zeki at 07:40, 5 December 2024

Zeki: Created page with "Category: DrugsCategory: Aminoglycoside '''Oral Antibiotics''' '''Drug class: Aminoglycoside Antibiotics..."