Codeine Phosphate - Revision history

Helen at 07:33, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T07:33:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:33, 5 October 2020
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	[[Category: Drugs]] [[Category: Non-opioid Analgesic]] [[Category: opioid analgesic ]]		[[Category: Drugs]] [[Category: Non-opioid Analgesic]] [[Category: opioid analgesic ]]
			==Introduction==
	'''Codeine''' is an opioid analgesic. It is much less potent as an analgesic than morphine and has relatively mild sedative effects.		'''Codeine''' is an opioid analgesic. It is much less potent as an analgesic than morphine and has relatively mild sedative effects.
	Codeine or its salts, especially the phosphate, are given orally in the form of linctus for the relief of cough, and as tablets for the relief of mild to moderate pain, often with a non-opioid analgesic such as paracetamol.		Codeine or its salts, especially the phosphate, are given orally in the form of linctus for the relief of cough, and as tablets for the relief of mild to moderate pain, often with a non-opioid analgesic such as paracetamol.

Helen at 03:21, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T03:21:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:21, 4 October 2020
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	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==
	As for ~~'''~~Opioid Analgesic~~'''~~ in general		===As for Opioid Analgesic in general===

	The commonest adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion.		The commonest adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion.
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	Large doses of opioids produce respiratory depression and hypotension, with circulatory failure and deepening coma. Death may occur from respiratory failure.		Large doses of opioids produce respiratory depression and hypotension, with circulatory failure and deepening coma. Death may occur from respiratory failure.

	~~'''~~Treatment of Adverse Effects~~'''~~		===Treatment of Adverse Effects===

	1. Constipation can be treated with laxatives such as senna tables and lactulose.		#Constipation can be treated with laxatives such as senna tables and lactulose.
	2. Nausea and vomiting can be alleviated by metoclopramide.		#Nausea and vomiting can be alleviated by metoclopramide.
	3. Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.		#Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.

	Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression		Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression

Helen: /* Mechanism of Action */

2020-10-05T03:13:50Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:13, 4 October 2020
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	!Route of Administration		!Route of Administration
	\|IV		\|IV
			\|-
	\|		\|
	\|		\|PO (tablet form)
	\|-		\|-
	~~\|PO (tablet form)~~
	\|		\|
	\|
	\|-
	\|PO (suspension)		\|PO (suspension)
	\|}		\|}

Helen: /* Mechanism of Action */

2020-10-05T03:13:17Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:13, 4 October 2020
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	!Route of Administration		!Route of Administration
	\|IV		\|IV
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|PO (tablet form)		\|PO (tablet form)
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-

Helen: /* Mechanism of Action */

2020-10-05T03:12:56Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:12, 4 October 2020
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	!Route of Administration		!Route of Administration
	\|IV		\|IV
			\|
			\|-
	\|PO (tablet form)		\|PO (tablet form)
			\|
			\|-
	\|PO (suspension)		\|PO (suspension)
	\|}		\|}

Helen at 03:12, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T03:12:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:12, 4 October 2020
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	\|}		\|}

	~~'''~~Route of ~~Adminstration'''~~		{\|class="wikitable"
			!Route of Administration
	IV		\|IV
			\|PO (tablet form)
	PO (tablet form)		\|PO (suspension)
			\|}
	PO (suspension)

	==Dosage==		==Dosage==

Helen at 03:06, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T03:06:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:06, 4 October 2020
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	\|The plasma half-life has been reported to be between 3 and 4 hours after an oral or intramuscular dose.		\|The plasma half-life has been reported to be between 3 and 4 hours after an oral or intramuscular dose.
	\|}		\|}

			==Drug Management==
			===Efficiency===
			Pain control
			===Safety===
			mental status, blood pressure, respiratory drive, and misuse / overuse.
			===Caution===
			Acute abdominal, gallstone, cardiac arrhythmias
			Tolerance and dependence
			===Contraindication===
			Acute ulcerative colitis, antibacterial associated colitis

			== FAQ ==
			=== How should I take the tablet? ===
			Follow the doctor's prescription,
			Take with or without food
			Take the medication with plenty of water
			Can be crushed
			Do not crushed modified-released formulation tablet
			=== What should I avoid while taking? ===
			Avoid abrupt withdrawal
			=== What happen if I overdose? ===
			Emergency situation, called 999 immediately
			Antidote: Naloxone
			=== What happen if I miss a dose? ===
			Take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Helen at 03:04, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T03:04:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:04, 4 October 2020
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	3. Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.		3. Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.

	Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression,		Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression

			==Pharmacokinetics==

			{\|class="wikitable"
			!Oral bioavailability
			\|Codeine and its salts are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
			\|-
			!Onset of action
			\|
			\|-
			!Excreation
			\|Codeine and its metabolites are excreted almost entirely by the kidney.
			\|-
			!Elimination half-life
			\|The plasma half-life has been reported to be between 3 and 4 hours after an oral or intramuscular dose.
			\|}

Helen at 03:01, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T03:01:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:01, 4 October 2020
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	*30 to 60 mg (0.5 to 1 mg/kg) of codeine phosphate given every 6 hours when necessary, max of 240 mg daily.		*30 to 60 mg (0.5 to 1 mg/kg) of codeine phosphate given every 6 hours when necessary, max of 240 mg daily.
	*The duration of treatment should not exceed 3 days.		*The duration of treatment should not exceed 3 days.

			==Side Effects==
			As for '''Opioid Analgesic''' in general

			The commonest adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion.

			Large doses of opioids produce respiratory depression and hypotension, with circulatory failure and deepening coma. Death may occur from respiratory failure.

			'''Treatment of Adverse Effects'''

			1. Constipation can be treated with laxatives such as senna tables and lactulose.
			2. Nausea and vomiting can be alleviated by metoclopramide.
			3. Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.

			Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression,

Helen at 02:59, 5 October 2020

2020-10-05T02:59:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:59, 4 October 2020
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	PO (suspension)		PO (suspension)

			==Dosage==

			Mild to moderate pain:

			Oral: 30-60 mg every 4 hours, max 240 mg/day.

			For non-productive cough:

			Oral: 15 to 50mg three or four times daily.

			'''Doses in children'''

			The use of codeine is restricted to the short-term treatment of acute, moderate pain in children over 12 years of age who do not respond to other analgesics such as paracetamol or ibuprofen.

			The recommended oral dose:

			*30 to 60 mg (0.5 to 1 mg/kg) of codeine phosphate given every 6 hours when necessary, max of 240 mg daily.
			*The duration of treatment should not exceed 3 days.