Dexamethasone - Revision history

Helen: /* Drug interaction */

2020-10-14T02:13:30Z

Drug interaction

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:13, 13 October 2020
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	\|Accelerate metabolism of steroid so reduce the effects of steroid		\|Accelerate metabolism of steroid so reduce the effects of steroid
	\|-		\|-
	!style="text-align: left"\| Antidiabetics		\|style="text-align: left"\| Antidiabetics
	!Steroid antagonize hypoglycaemic effect. Requirements of antidiabetics may be increased.		\|Steroid antagonize hypoglycaemic effect. Requirements of antidiabetics may be increased.
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| Antiepileptics:		\|style="text-align: left"\| Antiepileptics:
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	*hydrochlorothiazide		*hydrochlorothiazide
	\|antagonize diuretic effect,		\|antagonize diuretic effect,
	increased risk of hypokalaemia		increased risk of hypokalaemia
	\|-		\|-
	\|Oral contraceptive (oestrogens)		\|Oral contraceptive (oestrogens)

Helen: /* Drug interaction */

2020-10-14T02:13:10Z

Drug interaction

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:13, 13 October 2020
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	\|Accelerate metabolism of steroid so reduce the effects of steroid		\|Accelerate metabolism of steroid so reduce the effects of steroid
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| Antidiabetics		!style="text-align: left"\| Antidiabetics
	\|Steroid antagonize hypoglycaemic effect. Requirements of antidiabetics may be increased.		!Steroid antagonize hypoglycaemic effect. Requirements of antidiabetics may be increased.
	\|-		\|-
	\|style="text-align: left"\| Antiepileptics:		\|style="text-align: left"\| Antiepileptics:

Helen: /* Drug Management */

2020-10-14T02:12:43Z

Drug Management

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:12, 13 October 2020
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	*Back pain may signify osteoporosis		*Back pain may signify osteoporosis
	*Height should be monitored in children receiving prolonged therapy with inhaled or nasal steroid.		*Height should be monitored in children receiving prolonged therapy with inhaled or nasal steroid.
	~~'''~~Drug interaction:
			===Drug interaction===
	Interactions do not generally apply to steroid used for topical action including inhalation, unless specified.		Interactions do not generally apply to steroid used for topical action including inhalation, unless specified.

	~~===Drug interaction===~~
	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"
	!style="text-align: left"\| Drugs given with steroid		!style="text-align: left"\| Drugs given with steroid
	!Potential adverse drug interactions		!style="text-align: left"\| Potential adverse drug interactions
	\|-		\|-
	\|NSAIDs		\|NSAIDs

Helen: /* Long-term steroid use */

2020-10-14T02:10:57Z

Long-term steroid use

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:10, 13 October 2020
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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Osteoporosis, muscle wasting and weakness		!style="text-align: left"\| Osteoporosis, muscle wasting and weakness
	\|which is a danger, particularly in the elderly, as it can result in osteoporotic fractures for example of the hip or vertebrae		\|which is a danger, particularly in the elderly, as it can result in osteoporotic fractures for example of the hip or vertebrae
	\|-		\|-
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	\|menstrual irregularities and amenorrhea, hirsutism, weight gain, hyperlipidemia		\|menstrual irregularities and amenorrhea, hirsutism, weight gain, hyperlipidemia
	\|-		\|-
	!Neuropsychiatric side effects		!style="text-align: left"\| Neuropsychiatric side effects
	\|aggravation of schizophrenia, aggravation of epilepsy, insomnia, irritability, mood changes		\|aggravation of schizophrenia, aggravation of epilepsy, insomnia, irritability, mood changes
	\|-		\|-
	!Dermatological effects		!style="text-align: left"\| Dermatological effects
	\|easy bruising, impaired wound healing, and thinning of skin		\|easy bruising, impaired wound healing, and thinning of skin
	\|-		\|-
	!Ophthalmic effects		!style="text-align: left"\| Ophthalmic effects
	\|glaucoma, corneal or scleral thinning and exacerbation of ophthalmic viral or fungal disease		\|glaucoma, corneal or scleral thinning and exacerbation of ophthalmic viral or fungal disease

	\|}		\|}

Helen: /* Side Effects */

2020-10-14T02:10:30Z

Side Effects

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:10, 13 October 2020
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	include nausea and feeling tired. More severe side effects include psychiatric problems including euphoria, nightmares, insomnia, irritability, confusion, suicidal thoughts and behavioral disturbances. This may occur in about 5% of people.		include nausea and feeling tired. More severe side effects include psychiatric problems including euphoria, nightmares, insomnia, irritability, confusion, suicidal thoughts and behavioral disturbances. This may occur in about 5% of people.

			===Long-term steroid use===
	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"
	!style="text-align: left"\| Adrenal suppression		!style="text-align: left"\| Adrenal suppression
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Steroid-induced diabetes		!style="text-align: left"\| Steroid-induced diabetes
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-

Helen: /* Side Effects */

2020-10-14T02:09:05Z

Side Effects

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:09, 13 October 2020
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	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==

	Short-term use include nausea and feeling tired. More severe side effects include psychiatric problems including euphoria, nightmares, insomnia, irritability, confusion, suicidal thoughts and behavioral disturbances. This may occur in about 5% of people.		===Short-term use===
			include nausea and feeling tired. More severe side effects include psychiatric problems including euphoria, nightmares, insomnia, irritability, confusion, suicidal thoughts and behavioral disturbances. This may occur in about 5% of people.

	{\| class = "wikitable"		{\| class = "wikitable"

Helen: /* Side Effects */

2020-10-14T02:08:43Z

Side Effects

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:08, 13 October 2020
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	Side-effects can be minimized by using lowest effective dose for minimum period possible.		Side-effects can be minimized by using lowest effective dose for minimum period possible.


	==Pharmacokinetics==		==Pharmacokinetics==

Helen: /* Dosage */

2020-10-14T02:07:56Z

Dosage

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:07, 13 October 2020
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	The suppressive action of a steroid on cortisol secretion is least when it is given as a single dose in the morning.		The suppressive action of a steroid on cortisol secretion is least when it is given as a single dose in the morning.

	''Oral~~'':~~ usual range 0.5 – 5 mg daily		{\| class="wikitable"
			!style="text-align: left"\| Oral
			\|usual range 0.5 – 5 mg daily
			\|-
			!style="text-align: left"\| Child dose
			\|每日10-100mg/kg
			\|}

	~~''Child dose'': 10-100 micrograms/kg daily~~		===Cerebral oedema===
			{\| class="wikitable"
	~~''Cerebral oedema,~~ by intravenous injection~~'':~~ 8-16 mg initially, then 5 mg by intramuscular or intravenous injection every 6 hours until the symptoms of edema subside for 2-4 days, then gradually reduced and stopped over 5-7 days.		!style="text-align: left"\| by intravenous injection
			\|8-16 mg initially, then 5 mg by intramuscular or intravenous injection every 6 hours until the symptoms of edema subside for 2-4 days, then gradually reduced and stopped over 5-7 days.
	''By intra-articular injection~~'',~~ 0.8 – 4mg of dexamethasone (as sodium phosphate) are used depending upon the size of the joint.		\|-
			!style="text-align: left"\| By intra-articular injection
	''For soft-tissue injection~~'',~~ 2 – 6 mg are used.		\|0.8 – 4mg of dexamethasone (as sodium phosphate) are used depending upon the size of the joint.
			\|-
			!style="text-align: left"\| For soft-tissue injection
			\|2 – 6 mg are used.
			\|}

	For topical application in various skin disorders, concentrations of dexamethasone in the range of 0.02 to 0.1% is used in creams, ointments and lotions. Whereas for eye or ear preparations, concentrations are commonly 0.05 to 0.1%.		For topical application in various skin disorders, concentrations of dexamethasone in the range of 0.02 to 0.1% is used in creams, ointments and lotions. Whereas for eye or ear preparations, concentrations are commonly 0.05 to 0.1%.


	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==

Helen: /* Mechanism of Action */

2020-10-14T02:05:16Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:05, 13 October 2020
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	==Mechanism of Action==		==Mechanism of Action==
	Immunosuppression agent,		Immunosuppression agent,

	Steroid replacement agent,		Steroid replacement agent,

	Anti-inflammatory agent		Anti-inflammatory agent

	==Dosage==		==Dosage==

Helen at 02:05, 14 October 2020

2020-10-14T02:05:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:05, 13 October 2020
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	[[File:Dexamethasone 0.5mg.mp3]]		[[File:Dexamethasone 0.5mg.mp3]]

			==Drug Names==
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!Generic Name		!Generic Name

	~~==Drug Names==~~
	!HA Code 藥物代碼		!HA Code 藥物代碼
	!Classification藥物分類		!Classification藥物分類