Pethidine - Revision history

Ctol2: /* Drug Management */

2020-09-30T10:11:47Z

Drug Management

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:11, 30 September 2020
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	==Drug Management==		==Drug Management==
			===Efficiency===
			Pain control
			===Safety===
			mental status, blood pressure, respiratory drive, and misuse / overuse.
			===Caution===
			Not suitable for severe chronic pain.

	~~{\|class="wikitable"~~
	~~!Efficiency~~
	~~\|pain control~~
	\|-
	~~!Safety~~
	~~\|mental status, blood pressure, respiratory drive, and misuse/overuse.~~
	\|-
	~~!Caution~~
	~~\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain~~
	In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.		In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.

	Tolerance and dependence		Tolerance and dependence
	\|}

	Interactions:		===Interactions===
	*Prochlorperazine (STEMETIL) prolonged the respiratory depressant effect of pethidine.		*Prochlorperazine (STEMETIL) prolonged the respiratory depressant effect of pethidine.
	*Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension when chlorpromazine given with pethidine.		*Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension when chlorpromazine given with pethidine.

Ctol2: /* Drug Management */

2020-09-30T10:10:11Z

Drug Management

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:10, 30 September 2020
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	\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain		\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain
	In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.		In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.

	Tolerance and dependence		Tolerance and dependence
	\|}		\|}

Ctol2: /* Drug Management */

2020-09-30T10:10:02Z

Drug Management

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:10, 30 September 2020
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	!Caution		!Caution
	\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain		\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain
	\|-		In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.
	\|		Tolerance and dependence
	\|In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.
	\|-
	\|
	\|Tolerance and dependence
	\|}		\|}

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	*Prochlorperazine (STEMETIL) prolonged the respiratory depressant effect of pethidine.		*Prochlorperazine (STEMETIL) prolonged the respiratory depressant effect of pethidine.
	*Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension when chlorpromazine given with pethidine.		*Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension when chlorpromazine given with pethidine.
	*Life-threatening interaction reported between pethidine and selegiline, a selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor.		*Life-threatening interaction reported between pethidine and selegiline, a selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor.

	== FAQ ==		== FAQ ==

Ctol2: /* Side Effects */

2020-09-30T10:07:55Z

Side Effects

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:07, 30 September 2020
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	==Side Effects==		==Side Effects==
			Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression.
	~~As for '''~~Opioid Analgesic		===For Opioid Analgesic in general===
	in general

	The commonest adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion.		The commonest adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness and confusion.

	Large doses of opioids produce respiratory depression and hypotension, with circulatory failure and deepening coma. Death may occur from respiratory failure.		Large doses of opioids produce respiratory depression and hypotension, with circulatory failure and deepening coma. Death may occur from respiratory failure.

	~~'''~~Treatment of Adverse Effects		===Treatment of Adverse Effects===
			#Constipation can be treated with laxatives such as senna tables and lactulose.
	1.Constipation can be treated with laxatives such as senna tables and lactulose.		#Nausea and vomiting can be alleviated by metoclopramide.
			#Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.
	2.Nausea and vomiting can be alleviated by metoclopramide.

	3.Intensive supportive therapy may be required to correct respiratory failure and shock. Naloxone is used for rapid reversal of the severe respiratory depression and coma.

	~~Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression~~.

	==Pharmacokinetics==		==Pharmacokinetics==

Ctol2: /* Mechanism of Action */

2020-09-30T10:06:52Z

Mechanism of Action

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:06, 30 September 2020
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	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"
	!Route of Administration		!Route of Administration
	\|SC		\|SC, IV
	IV
	\|}		\|}

Ctol2 at 10:06, 30 September 2020

2020-09-30T10:06:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:06, 30 September 2020
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	[[Category: Drugs]] [[Category: Non-opioid Analgesic]] [[Category: opioid analgesic ]]		[[Category: Drugs]] [[Category: Non-opioid Analgesic]] [[Category: opioid analgesic ]]
			'''Pethidine''' is a synthetic opioid analgesic that acts mainly as a -opioid agonist. Pethidine is used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe acute pain including the pain of labour. It is more lipid soluble than morphine and has a less potent and shorter lasting analgesic effect; analgesia usually lasts for 2 to 4 hours. Its short duration of action and accumulation of its neurotoxic metabolite make it unsuitable for the management of chronic pain.
	~~== Pronunciation ==~~

	~~==Introduction==~~

	Pethidine, is a synthetic opioid analgesic that acts mainly as a -opioid agonist. Pethidine is used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe acute pain including the pain of labour. It is more lipid soluble than morphine and has a less potent and shorter lasting analgesic effect; analgesia usually lasts for 2 to 4 hours. Its short duration of action and accumulation of its neurotoxic metabolite make it unsuitable for the management of chronic pain.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|}		\|}

			==Mechanism of Action==
	Equivalent doses of opioid analgesics		Equivalent doses of opioid analgesics

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	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"
			!Route of Administration
	!Route of ~~Adminstration~~
	\|SC		\|SC
	\|-		IV
	\|
	\|IV
	\|}		\|}

Helen at 07:16, 30 September 2020

2020-09-30T07:16:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:16, 30 September 2020
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	\|Tolerance and dependence		\|Tolerance and dependence
	\|}		\|}

			Interactions:
			*Prochlorperazine (STEMETIL) prolonged the respiratory depressant effect of pethidine.
			*Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension when chlorpromazine given with pethidine.
			*Life-threatening interaction reported between pethidine and selegiline, a selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor.

			== FAQ ==
			=== What should I avoid while taking? ===
			Avoid abrupt withdrawal
			=== What happen if I overdose? ===
			Emergency situation, called 999 immediately
			Antidote: Naloxone
			=== What happen if I miss a dose? ===
			Administered by professionals

Helen at 07:14, 30 September 2020

2020-09-30T07:14:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:14, 30 September 2020
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	!Metabolism		!Metabolism
	\|Pethidine is metabolized in the liver.		\|Pethidine is metabolized in the liver.
			\|}

	==Drug Management==		==Drug Management==

Helen at 07:14, 30 September 2020

2020-09-30T07:14:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:14, 30 September 2020
Line 113:		Line 113:
	!Metabolism		!Metabolism
	\|Pethidine is metabolized in the liver.		\|Pethidine is metabolized in the liver.

			==Drug Management==

			{\|class="wikitable"
			!Efficiency
			\|pain control
			\|-
			!Safety
			\|mental status, blood pressure, respiratory drive, and misuse/overuse.
			\|-
			!Caution
			\|Not suitable for severe chronic pain
			\|-
			\|
			\|In patients with a history of convulsive disorders or supraventricular tachycardias.
			\|-
			\|
			\|Tolerance and dependence
			\|}

Helen at 07:11, 30 September 2020

2020-09-30T07:11:56Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:11, 30 September 2020
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	Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression.		Euphoria, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, constipation and cough suppression.

			==Pharmacokinetics==

			{\|class="wikitable"
			!bioavailability
			\|Pethidine hydrochloride is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but only about 50% of the drug reaches the systemic circulation because of first-pass metabolism. Absorption after intramuscular injection is variable.
			\|-
			!Onset of action
			\|Peak plasma concentrations have been reported 1 to 2 hours after oral doses. It is about 60 to 80% bound to plasma proteins.
			\|-
			!Elimination half-life
			\|It has a plasma elimination half-life of about 3 to 6 hours.
			\|-
			!Metabolism
			\|Pethidine is metabolized in the liver.