Zeki: /* Drug Precautions */

2024-07-05T01:51:44Z

Drug Precautions

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Zeki at 01:51, 5 July 2024

2024-07-05T01:51:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:51, 4 July 2024
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	'''Saxagliptin (ONGLYZA)'''（中文：[[沙格列汀]]）		'''Saxagliptin (ONGLYZA)'''（中文：[[沙格列汀]]）
			==Common Strengths of Saxagliptin Tablet==
			Saxagliptin tablets are available in the following strengths:
			*2.5 mg and 5 mg tablets

			==Drug Trade Names of Saxagliptin Tablet==
			Onglyza is the trade name for Saxagliptin

			It is also sold under various brand names when combined with other antidiabetic medications, such as:
			*KOMBIGLYZE XR TABLET 2.5MG/1000MG: Saxagliptin 2.5mg + Metformin 1000mg
			*KOMBIGLYZE XR TABLET 5MG/1000MG: Saxagliptin 5mg + Metformin 1000mg
			*KOMBIGLYZE XR TABLET 5MG/500MG: Saxagliptin 5mg + Metformin 500mg

			==Drug Usage==
			Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults

			==Mechanism of Action==
			Inhibits DPP-4 enzyme, increasing levels of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) which stimulate insulin release and decrease glucagon secretion, thereby lowering blood glucose.

			==Route of Administration==
			Oral

			==Dosages==
			*2.5 mg or 5 mg once daily
			*No specific dosage adjustments for hypertension or heart failure
			*Diabetic kidney disease:
			**eGFR >45 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>: No dosage adjustment
			**eGFR ≤45 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>: 2.5 mg once daily

			==Side Effects==
			{\| class="wikitable"
			!style="text-align: left"\| Frequency
			!Adverse reactions
			\|-
			\| rowspan="3" \| '''Common
			\| Upper respiratory tract infection
			\|-
			\| Urinary tract infection
			\|-
			\| Headache
			\|-
			\| rowspan="5" \| '''Uncommon
			\| Hypoglycemia
			\|-
			\| Dyslipidemia
			\|-
			\| Gastroenteritis
			\|-
			\| Pancreatitis
			\|-
			\| Severe cutaneous adverse reactions
			\|}

			==Pharmacokinetics==
			*Absorption
			**Saxagliptin is rapidly absorbed orally. Maximum inhibition of DPP-4 activity is seen approximately 2 hours after a saxagliptin dose.
			*Metabolism
			**Saxagliptin is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4/5 (CYP3A4/5).
			*Elimination
			**75% of the dose is excreted in urine and 22% in feces.
			*Half-life
			**Approximately 2.5 hours
			*Sustained effect
			**A single 2.5 mg dose of saxagliptin was associated with plasma DPP-4 activity inhibition of 50% at 24 hours, supporting a once-daily dosing schedule.

			==Drug Precautions==
			'''Pregnancy

			Not recommended unless clearly necessary.

			'''Breastfeeding

			Not recommended.

			'''Children and Elderly

			Not approved for use in children, no dosage adjustment needed for the elderly.

			'''Renal Impairment

			Dose adjustment required for moderate to severe renal impairment.

			'''Monitoring Requirements
			*Regular blood glucose
			*HbA1c
			*Signs of pancreatitis
			The main symptoms of pancreatitis include:
			*Severe abdominal pain, typically in the upper abdomen, that may:
			**Feel worse after eating
			**Be sudden and intense in acute cases
			*Nausea and vomiting
			*Fever
			*Rapid pulse/heart rate

			'''Drug interactions

			Strong CYP3A4/5 inhibitors and inducers can alter the pharmacokinetics of saxagliptin.
			{\| class="wikitable"
			!colspan="2" \| Strong CYP3A4/5 Inhibitors: Increase the plasma concentration of saxagliptin when taken together
			\|-
			\| rowspan="2" \| '''Antifungals
			\| Ketoconazole
			\|-
			\| Itraconazole
			\|-
			\| '''Antivirals
			\| Ritonavir
			\|-
			\| rowspan="2" \| '''Antibiotics
			\| Clarithromycin
			\|-
			\| Telithromycin
			\|}

			{\| class="wikitable"
			!colspan="2" \| Strong CYP3A4/5 Inducers: Decrease the plasma concentration of saxagliptin
			\|-
			\| rowspan="3" \| '''Anticonvulsants
			\| Carbamazepine
			\|-
			\| Phenytoin
			\|-
			\| Phenobarbital
			\|-
			\| '''Antibiotic
			\| Rifampicin
			\|-
			\| Glucocorticoid
			\| Dexamethasone
			\|}

			==FAQ==
			'''How Should I Take the Tablet?

			Take once daily with or without food, swallow whole

			'''What Should I Avoid While Taking?

			Alcohol consumption

			'''What Happens if I Miss a Dose?

			Take as soon as remembered, unless close to the next dose. Do not double dose.

Zeki: Created page with "Category: DrugsCategory: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor '''Antidiabetic Drug''' '''Drug class: :Category: Dipeptidyl p..."

2024-07-05T01:26:39Z

Created page with "Category: Drugs Category: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor '''Antidiabetic Drug''' '''Drug class: :Category: Dipeptidyl p..."

New page

[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor]]

[[:Category: Antidiabetic Drug | '''Antidiabetic Drug''']]

'''Drug class: [[:Category: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor | Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor]]

'''Saxagliptin (ONGLYZA)'''（中文：[[沙格列汀]]）

Saxagliptin - Revision history

Zeki: /* Drug Precautions */

Zeki at 01:51, 5 July 2024

Zeki: Created page with "Category: DrugsCategory: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor '''Antidiabetic Drug''' '''Drug class: :Category: Dipeptidyl p..."