Glimepiride: Difference between revisions
Created page with "Category: DrugsCategory: Sulfonylureas '''Antidiabetic Drug''' '''Drug class: Sulfonylureas''' '''..." |
|||
| (6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
'''Glimepiride (AMARYL)'''（中文：[[格列美脲]]） | '''Glimepiride (AMARYL)'''（中文：[[格列美脲]]） | ||
==Common Strengths of Glimepiride Tablet== | |||
Glimepiride tablets are available in the following strengths: | |||
*1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg tablets. | |||
==Drug Trade Names of Glimepiride Tablet== | |||
Amaryl is the trade name for Glimepiride. | |||
==Drug Usag== | |||
Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. | |||
==Mechanism of Action== | |||
Stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. | |||
==Route of Administration== | |||
Glimepiride is administered orally | |||
==Dosages== | |||
*Initially 1 - 2 mg once daily, may increase to 4 - 8 mg once daily maximum | |||
*Hypertension/Heart failure: No specific dosage adjustments | |||
*Diabetic kidney disease: Start with 1 mg daily and titrate carefully | |||
==Side Effects== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!style="text-align: left"| Frequency | |||
!Adverse reactions | |||
|- | |||
| '''Common | |||
| Hypoglycemia | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | '''Uncommon | |||
| Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache | |||
|- | |||
| Allergic skin reactions, blood dyscrasias | |||
|} | |||
The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include: | |||
*Feel hungry | |||
*Weakness and dizziness | |||
*Feeling anxious or irritable | |||
*Sweating and chills | |||
*Tremble | |||
*Tingling of lips | |||
*Palpitations | |||
*Vision changes, such as blurred vision | |||
*Confused | |||
==Pharmacokinetics== | |||
*Absorption | |||
**Completely absorbed. The drug reaches maximum plasma concentration in 2 to 3 hours after taking a dose. | |||
*Metabolism | |||
**Hepatic via CYP2C9 | |||
*Elimination | |||
**60% in urine, 40% in feces; | |||
*Half-life | |||
**5 to 8 hours | |||
Glimepiride produces a peak of insulin release 30 minutes after a meal when taken 30 minutes before breakfast. The glucose-lowering effect of glimepiride persists for 24 hours. | |||
==Drug Precautions== | |||
'''Pregnancy | |||
Avoid use, insulin preferred. | |||
'''Breastfeeding | |||
Not recommended. | |||
'''Children and Elderly | |||
Not recommended in children, use with caution in elderly. | |||
'''Renal impairment | |||
Start with lower dose and titrate carefully. | |||
'''Monitoring | |||
Regular blood glucose and HbA1c monitoring. | |||
'''Drug interactions | |||
NSAIDs, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors may enhance hypoglycemic effect. | |||
==FAQ== | |||
'''How Should I Take the Tablet? | |||
Take once daily with first main meal. | |||
'''What Should I Avoid While Taking? | |||
Alcohol, skipping meals. | |||
'''What Happens if I Miss a Dose? | |||
Take as soon as remembered, unless close to next dose. Do not double dose. | |||
Latest revision as of 23:43, 3 July 2024
Drug class: Sulfonylureas
Glimepiride (AMARYL)（中文：格列美脲）
Common Strengths of Glimepiride Tablet[edit]
Glimepiride tablets are available in the following strengths:
- 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg tablets.
Drug Trade Names of Glimepiride Tablet[edit]
Amaryl is the trade name for Glimepiride.
Drug Usag[edit]
Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Mechanism of Action[edit]
Stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.
Route of Administration[edit]
Glimepiride is administered orally
Dosages[edit]
- Initially 1 - 2 mg once daily, may increase to 4 - 8 mg once daily maximum
- Hypertension/Heart failure: No specific dosage adjustments
- Diabetic kidney disease: Start with 1 mg daily and titrate carefully
Side Effects[edit]
| Frequency | Adverse reactions |
|---|---|
| Common | Hypoglycemia |
| Uncommon | Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache |
| Allergic skin reactions, blood dyscrasias |
The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include:
- Feel hungry
- Weakness and dizziness
- Feeling anxious or irritable
- Sweating and chills
- Tremble
- Tingling of lips
- Palpitations
- Vision changes, such as blurred vision
- Confused
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
- Absorption
- Completely absorbed. The drug reaches maximum plasma concentration in 2 to 3 hours after taking a dose.
- Metabolism
- Hepatic via CYP2C9
- Elimination
- 60% in urine, 40% in feces;
- Half-life
- 5 to 8 hours
Glimepiride produces a peak of insulin release 30 minutes after a meal when taken 30 minutes before breakfast. The glucose-lowering effect of glimepiride persists for 24 hours.
Drug Precautions[edit]
Pregnancy
Avoid use, insulin preferred.
Breastfeeding
Not recommended.
Children and Elderly
Not recommended in children, use with caution in elderly.
Renal impairment
Start with lower dose and titrate carefully.
Monitoring
Regular blood glucose and HbA1c monitoring.
Drug interactions
NSAIDs, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors may enhance hypoglycemic effect.
FAQ[edit]
How Should I Take the Tablet?
Take once daily with first main meal.
What Should I Avoid While Taking?
Alcohol, skipping meals.
What Happens if I Miss a Dose?
Take as soon as remembered, unless close to next dose. Do not double dose.
