Gliclazide: Difference between revisions

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[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Sulfonylureas]]
[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Sulfonylureas]]
[[:Category: Antidiabetic Drug | '''Antidiabetic Drug''']]
'''Drug class: [[:Category: Sulfonylureas | Sulfonylureas]]'''
'''Gliclazide (DIAMICRON)'''（中文：[[格列齊特]]）


==Pronunciation==
==Pronunciation==
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===Gliclazide 80mg===
===Gliclazide 80mg===
[[File:Gliclazide 80mg.mp3]]
[[File:Gliclazide 80mg.mp3]]
==Common Strengths of Gliclazide Tablet==
*30 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg tablets
*30 mg, 60 mg modified-release tablets
==Drug Trade Names of Gliclazide Tablet==
*Diamicron
==Drug Usage==
To treat type 2 diabetes mellitus
==Mechanism of Action==
Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to sulfonylurea receptors. This increases insulin release to lower blood glucose levels.
==Route of Administration==
Oral
==Dosages==
*Starting dose: 30 - 80 mg daily, maximum 320 mg daily
*Hypertension/heart failure: No specific dose adjustments
*Diabetic kidney disease: Use with caution, may need dose reduction
==Side Effects==
{| class="wikitable"
!style="text-align: left"| Frequency
!Adverse reactions
|-
| rowspan="3" | '''Common
| Hypoglycemia
|-
| Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, constipation)
|-
| Headache
|-
| rowspan="4" | '''Uncommon
| Skin reactions
|-
| Liver enzyme elevations
|-
| Blood dyscrasias
|-
| Hepatitis
|}
The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include:
*Feel hungry
*Weakness and dizziness
*Feeling anxious or irritable
*Sweating and chills
*Tremble
*Tingling of lips
*Palpitations
*Vision changes, such as blurred vision
*Confused
==Pharmacokinetics==
*Absorption
**Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma levels are reached in 4 - 6 hours for immediate-release tablets. For modified-release (MR) formulations, peak plasma levels are reached in approximately 6 hours.
*Metabolism
**Extensively metabolized in the liver
*Elimination
**Mainly in urine (60 - 70%) and feces (10 - 20%)
*Half-life
**10 to 12 hours
The duration of action for immediate-release gliclazide tablets is 12 to 18 hours. Modified-release formulations can have a duration of action up to 24 hours.
==Drug Precautions==
'''Pregnancy
Contraindicated, switch to insulin.
'''Breastfeeding
Not recommended.
'''Children and elderly:
*Not recommended in children.
*Use with caution in elderly due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.
'''Renal impairment
Use with caution, may need dose reduction.
'''Monitoring requirements
*Regular blood glucose monitoring
*HbA1c levels
*Renal and liver function tests
'''Drug interactions
*Increased hypoglycemic effect with: alcohol, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
*Decreased effect with: corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics
==FAQ==
'''How Should I Take the Tablet?
Take with first main meal of the day
'''What Should I Avoid While Taking?
Alcohol, skipping meals
'''What Happens if I Miss a Dose?
Take as soon as remembered if within a few hours, otherwise skip and take next scheduled dose. Do not double dose.

Latest revision as of 22:13, 4 July 2024


Antidiabetic Drug

Drug class: Sulfonylureas

Gliclazide (DIAMICRON)（中文：格列齊特）

Pronunciation[edit]

Gliclazide 30mg[edit]

Gliclazide 80mg[edit]

Common Strengths of Gliclazide Tablet[edit]

  • 30 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg tablets
  • 30 mg, 60 mg modified-release tablets

Drug Trade Names of Gliclazide Tablet[edit]

  • Diamicron

Drug Usage[edit]

To treat type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to sulfonylurea receptors. This increases insulin release to lower blood glucose levels.

Route of Administration[edit]

Oral

Dosages[edit]

  • Starting dose: 30 - 80 mg daily, maximum 320 mg daily
  • Hypertension/heart failure: No specific dose adjustments
  • Diabetic kidney disease: Use with caution, may need dose reduction

Side Effects[edit]

Frequency Adverse reactions
Common Hypoglycemia
Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, constipation)
Headache
Uncommon Skin reactions
Liver enzyme elevations
Blood dyscrasias
Hepatitis

The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include:

  • Feel hungry
  • Weakness and dizziness
  • Feeling anxious or irritable
  • Sweating and chills
  • Tremble
  • Tingling of lips
  • Palpitations
  • Vision changes, such as blurred vision
  • Confused

Pharmacokinetics[edit]

  • Absorption
    • Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma levels are reached in 4 - 6 hours for immediate-release tablets. For modified-release (MR) formulations, peak plasma levels are reached in approximately 6 hours.
  • Metabolism
    • Extensively metabolized in the liver
  • Elimination
    • Mainly in urine (60 - 70%) and feces (10 - 20%)
  • Half-life
    • 10 to 12 hours

The duration of action for immediate-release gliclazide tablets is 12 to 18 hours. Modified-release formulations can have a duration of action up to 24 hours.

Drug Precautions[edit]

Pregnancy

Contraindicated, switch to insulin.

Breastfeeding

Not recommended.

Children and elderly:

  • Not recommended in children.
  • Use with caution in elderly due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.

Renal impairment

Use with caution, may need dose reduction.

Monitoring requirements

  • Regular blood glucose monitoring
  • HbA1c levels
  • Renal and liver function tests

Drug interactions

  • Increased hypoglycemic effect with: alcohol, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
  • Decreased effect with: corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics

FAQ[edit]

How Should I Take the Tablet?

Take with first main meal of the day

What Should I Avoid While Taking?

Alcohol, skipping meals

What Happens if I Miss a Dose?

Take as soon as remembered if within a few hours, otherwise skip and take next scheduled dose. Do not double dose.

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