Metoprolol Tartrate: Difference between revisions

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===Metoprolol tartrate 100mg===
===Metoprolol tartrate 100mg===
[[File:Metoprolol tartrate 100mg.mp3]]
[[File:Metoprolol tartrate 100mg.mp3]]
===Metoprolol tartrate 75mg===


===Metoprolol tartrate 50mg===
===Metoprolol tartrate 50mg===
[[File:Metoprolol tartrate 50mg.mp3]]
[[File:Metoprolol tartrate 50mg.mp3]]
===Metoprolol tartrate 37.5mg===
===Metoprolol tartrate 25mg===


===Metoprolol succinate 200mg===
===Metoprolol succinate 200mg===
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!style="text-align: left"| Subclass:
!style="text-align: left"| Subclass:
|Beta blocker
|Beta blocker
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Legal Classification:
|
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Generic Name 藥物化學名稱
!Generic Name 藥物化學名稱
!HA Code 藥物代碼
!Legal Classification 法律藥物分類
!Brand Name
!Brand Name
|-
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 25mg
|
|
| rowspan="5" | LOPRESSOR
|-
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 37.5mg
|
|
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 50mg
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 50mg
| METO07
| rowspan="2" | LOPRESSOR
|
|-
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 75mg
|
|  
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 100mg
| Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 100mg
| METO06
|
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 25mg
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 25mg
| METO16
|
| rowspan="4" | BETALOC ZOK
| rowspan="4" | BETALOC ZOK
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 50mg
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 50mg
| METO13
|
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 100mg
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 100mg
| METO10
|
|-
|-
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 200mg
| Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 200mg
| METO11
|
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!style="text-align: left"| System Organ Class
!style="text-align: left"| Frequency
!Frequency
!Adverse reactions
!Adverse reactions
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" | '''Nervous system disorders
| '''Very common
| Common
| Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
|Dizzinss, Fatigue, Memory problem
|-
| rowspan="4" |'''Common
| Dizziness
|-
| Fatigue
|-
| Memory problems
|-
|-
| Uncommon
| Diarrhea
| Depression, Confusion, Insomnia
|-
|-
| Rare
| rowspan="4" |'''Uncommon
| Nightmares
| Depression
|-
| Confusion
|-
| Insomnia
|-
|-
| '''Skin disorders
| Uncommon
| Rash
| Rash
|-
|-
| '''Gastro-intestinal disorders
| '''Rare
| Common
| Nightmares
| Diarrhoea
|}
|}


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==FAQs==
==FAQs==
====How should I take the tablet?====
'''How should I take the tablet?
Take orally with or without food as prescribed. Swallow extended-release capsules whole.
Take orally with or without food as prescribed. Swallow extended-release capsules whole.


====What should I avoid while taking?====
'''What should I avoid while taking?
Avoid driving or hazardous tasks until you know how metoprolol affects you. Avoid alcohol and decongestants as these may increase some side effects.
Avoid driving or hazardous tasks until you know how metoprolol affects you. Avoid alcohol and decongestants as these may increase some side effects.


====What happens if I miss a dose?====
'''What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it's near the next dose time, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it's near the next dose time, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

Revision as of 02:12, 7 June 2024

Pronunciation

Metoprolol tartrate 100mg

Metoprolol tartrate 50mg

Metoprolol succinate 200mg

Metoprolol succinate 100mg

Metoprolol succinate 50mg

Metoprolol succinate 25mg

Generic Name: Metoprolol Tartrate, Metoprolol succinate
Class: Cardiovascular Drug
Subclass: Beta blocker

Drug Name

Generic Name 藥物化學名稱 Brand Name
Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 50mg LOPRESSOR
Metoprolol Tartrate Tablet 100mg
Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 25mg BETALOC ZOK
Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 50mg
Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 100mg
Metoprolol Succinate Tablet 200mg

Mechanism of Action

Metoprolol is a β1-selective (cardio-selective) beta-blocker. It works by blocking the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) on beta-1 receptors in the heart. This slows the heart rate, reduces force of heart contractions, oxygen demand and decreases blood pressure.

Route of Administration

Metoprolol is available for:

  • Oral administration as immediate-release and extended-release tablets
  • Intravenous injection (given by healthcare providers)

Dosages

  • Hypertension
    • Immediate-release: Typical starting 50 mg once daily, up to 400 mg/day maximum
    • Extended-release: Typical starting 100 mg once daily, up to 400 mg/day maximum
  • Heart failure: dosage not specified
    • Immediate-release: Typical 25-100 mg twice daily
    • Extended-release: Typical 25-200 mg once daily
  • Diabetic kidney disease: Dosage not specified, adjust based on patient response.

Side Effects

The following definitions of frequencies are used:

Very common ≥ 1/10

Common ≥ 1/100 to < 1/10

Uncommon ≥1/1,000 to <1/100

Rare ≥ 1/10,000 to < 1/1,000

Very rare < 1/10,000

Frequency Adverse reactions
Very common Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
Common Dizziness
Fatigue
Memory problems
Diarrhea
Uncommon Depression
Confusion
Insomnia
Rash
Rare Nightmares

Pharmacokinetics

  • Well absorbed from GI tract
  • Extensively metabolized in liver
  • Elimination half-life 6-7 hours
  • Excreted in urine

Drug Management

Safety

Metoprolol has a boxed warning about not stopping it suddenly, as it may worsen chest pain, increase blood pressure, or cause a heart attack. Stopping should be done gradually under medical supervision.

Contraindicated in heart block, sick sinus syndrome, severe bradycardia, severe circulation problems, severe heart failure.

Caution in asthma, COPD, diabetes, liver disease.

Pregnancy

Metoprolol is classified as pregnancy category C. It should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Breastfeeding

Present in breast milk at low levels. Caution advised as it may cause effects in infant.

Children and Elderly

  • Children: Dosage not established
  • Elderly: May need lower doses due to age-related decreased kidney function

Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustment provided in labeling. Use with caution in severe renal impairment.

Monitoring Requirments

Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, signs of worsening heart failure, bronchospasm, and blood glucose levels (in diabetics) during metoprolol therapy.

Drug Interactions

Metoprolol can interact with calcium channel blockers, digoxin, epinephrine (adrenaline), antidepressants, antipsychotics, anesthetics, and many other drugs. Careful monitoring is required.

FAQs

How should I take the tablet? Take orally with or without food as prescribed. Swallow extended-release capsules whole.

What should I avoid while taking? Avoid driving or hazardous tasks until you know how metoprolol affects you. Avoid alcohol and decongestants as these may increase some side effects.

What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it's near the next dose time, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

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