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[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Sulfonylureas]]
[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Sulfonylureas]]
[[:Category: Antidiabetic Drug | '''Antidiabetic Drug''']]
'''Drug class: [[:Category: Sulfonylureas | Sulfonylureas]]'''
'''Gliclazide (DIAMICRON)'''（中文：[[格列齊特]]）


==Pronunciation==
==Pronunciation==
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===Gliclazide 80mg===
===Gliclazide 80mg===
[[File:Gliclazide 80mg.mp3]]
[[File:Gliclazide 80mg.mp3]]
==Common Strengths of Gliclazide Tablet==
*30 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg tablets
*30 mg, 60 mg modified-release tablets
==Drug Trade Names of Gliclazide Tablet==
*Diamicron
==Usage==
To treat type 2 diabetes mellitus
==Mechanism of Action==
Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to sulfonylurea receptors. This increases insulin release to lower blood glucose levels.
==Route of Administration==
Oral
==Dosages==
*Starting dose: 30 - 80 mg daily, maximum 320 mg daily
*Hypertension/heart failure: No specific dose adjustments
*Diabetic kidney disease: Use with caution, may need dose reduction
==Side Effects==
{| class="wikitable"
!style="text-align: left"| Frequency
!Adverse reactions
|-
| rowspan="3" | '''Common
| Hypoglycemia
|-
| Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, constipation)
|-
| Headache
|-
| rowspan="4" | '''Uncommon
| Skin reactions
|-
| Liver enzyme elevations
|-
| Blood dyscrasias
|-
| Hepatitis
|}
The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include:
*Feel hungry
*Weakness and dizziness
*Feeling anxious or irritable
*Sweating and chills
*Tremble
*Tingling of lips
*Palpitations
*Vision changes, such as blurred vision
*Confused
==Pharmacokinetics==
*Absorption
**Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma levels are reached in 4 - 6 hours for immediate-release tablets. For modified-release (MR) formulations, peak plasma levels are reached in approximately 6 hours.
*Metabolism
**Extensively metabolized in the liver
*Elimination
**Mainly in urine (60 - 70%) and feces (10 - 20%)
*Half-life
**10 to 12 hours
The duration of action for immediate-release gliclazide tablets is 12 to 18 hours. Modified-release formulations can have a duration of action up to 24 hours.
==Drug Precautions==
'''Pregnancy
Contraindicated, switch to insulin.
'''Breastfeeding
Not recommended.
'''Children and elderly:
*Not recommended in children.
*Use with caution in elderly due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.
'''Renal impairment
Use with caution, may need dose reduction.
'''Monitoring requirements
*Regular blood glucose monitoring
*HbA1c levels
*Renal and liver function tests
'''Drug interactions
*Increased hypoglycemic effect with: alcohol, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
*Decreased effect with: corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics
==FAQ==
'''How Should I Take the Tablet?
Take with first main meal of the day
'''What Should I Avoid While Taking?
Alcohol, skipping meals
'''What Happens if I Miss a Dose?
Take as soon as remembered if within a few hours, otherwise skip and take next scheduled dose. Do not double dose.

Revision as of 22:01, 3 July 2024


Antidiabetic Drug

Drug class: Sulfonylureas

Gliclazide (DIAMICRON)（中文：格列齊特）

Pronunciation

Gliclazide 30mg

Gliclazide 80mg

Common Strengths of Gliclazide Tablet

  • 30 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg tablets
  • 30 mg, 60 mg modified-release tablets

Drug Trade Names of Gliclazide Tablet

  • Diamicron

Usage

To treat type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mechanism of Action

Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by binding to sulfonylurea receptors. This increases insulin release to lower blood glucose levels.

Route of Administration

Oral

Dosages

  • Starting dose: 30 - 80 mg daily, maximum 320 mg daily
  • Hypertension/heart failure: No specific dose adjustments
  • Diabetic kidney disease: Use with caution, may need dose reduction

Side Effects

Frequency Adverse reactions
Common Hypoglycemia
Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, constipation)
Headache
Uncommon Skin reactions
Liver enzyme elevations
Blood dyscrasias
Hepatitis

The main symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) include:

  • Feel hungry
  • Weakness and dizziness
  • Feeling anxious or irritable
  • Sweating and chills
  • Tremble
  • Tingling of lips
  • Palpitations
  • Vision changes, such as blurred vision
  • Confused

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption
    • Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma levels are reached in 4 - 6 hours for immediate-release tablets. For modified-release (MR) formulations, peak plasma levels are reached in approximately 6 hours.
  • Metabolism
    • Extensively metabolized in the liver
  • Elimination
    • Mainly in urine (60 - 70%) and feces (10 - 20%)
  • Half-life
    • 10 to 12 hours

The duration of action for immediate-release gliclazide tablets is 12 to 18 hours. Modified-release formulations can have a duration of action up to 24 hours.

Drug Precautions

Pregnancy

Contraindicated, switch to insulin.

Breastfeeding

Not recommended.

Children and elderly:

  • Not recommended in children.
  • Use with caution in elderly due to increased risk of hypoglycemia.

Renal impairment

Use with caution, may need dose reduction.

Monitoring requirements

  • Regular blood glucose monitoring
  • HbA1c levels
  • Renal and liver function tests

Drug interactions

  • Increased hypoglycemic effect with: alcohol, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors
  • Decreased effect with: corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics

FAQ

How Should I Take the Tablet?

Take with first main meal of the day

What Should I Avoid While Taking?

Alcohol, skipping meals

What Happens if I Miss a Dose?

Take as soon as remembered if within a few hours, otherwise skip and take next scheduled dose. Do not double dose.

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