Trifluoperazine: Difference between revisions
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Latest revision as of 22:54, 31 July 2024
Drug class: Typical Antipsychotic
Trifluoperazine (STELAZINE)（中文：三氟拉嗪）
Pronunciation[edit]
Trifluoperazine 1mg[edit]
Common Strengths of Trifluoperazine Tablet[edit]
Trifluoperazine are available in the following strengths:
- Tablets: 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg
Drug Trade Names of Trifluoperazine Tablet[edit]
Stelazine
Drug Usage[edit]
Managemnt of schizophrenia
Mechanism of Action[edit]
It works primarily by blocking dompamine D1 and D2 receptors in the brain, particularly in the mesocortical and mesolimbic pathways. It also has antiadrenergic, antihistaminic, and minimal anticholinergic effects.
Route of Administration[edit]
Oral
Dosages[edit]
- Schizophrenia in adults: Initially 2 to 5 mg orally twice daily, increased gradually to 15 to 20 mg/day. Maximum 40 mg/day.
Side Effects[edit]
| Frequency | Adverse reactions |
|---|---|
| Common | Drowsiness and dizziness |
| Dry mouth: Can be managed with sugarless gum. | |
| Blurred vision: Can affect daily activities like reading and driving. | |
| Constipation | |
| Urinary retention | |
| Insomnia | |
| Fatigue: General tiredness and lack of energy. | |
| Muscle weakness: May affect physical activities | |
| Skin reactions: Includes rash, itching, and increased sensitivity to sunlight. | |
| Loss of appetite | |
| Menstrual irregularities: Missed periods or other changes in the menstrual cycle. | |
| Breast swelling or discharge: This can occur in both men and women due to increased prolactin levels. | |
| Serious | Extrapyramidal symptoms (movement disorders):
|
| Tardive dyskinesia (potentially irreversible in voluntary movements of face and tongue) | |
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental state) | |
| Low white blood cell count (agranulocytosis) | |
| Seizures | |
| QT prolongation leading to dangerous heart arrhythmias | |
| Orthostatic hypotension: Sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, leading to dizziness or fainting | |
| Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin or eyes | |
| Severe allergic reactions: Symptoms include difficulty of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. |
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Elimination half-life: 18 - 24 hours
Onset and duration of drug action:
- Onset: Within 30 to 60 minutes (oral)
- Duration: 24 hours or longer
Drug Precautions[edit]
Pregnancy
Use only if potential benefits outweigh risks. May cause extrapyramidal symptoms in newborns if used in the third trimester.
Breastfeeding
Use caution. Trifluoperazine is excreted in breast milk.
Children and Elderly
- Children: Use caution. Safety and efficacy not established in children under 6 years.
- Elderly: Start with lower doses and titrate slowly. Increased risk of adverse effects.
Monitoring Requirements
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- ECG in patients at risk of QT prolongation
- Complete blood count
- Liver function tests
- Blood pressure
- Eye examinations (long-term use)
Drug Interactions
- Increased sedation with CNS depressants
- Increased risk of QT prolongation with other QT-prolonging drugs
- Reduced effectiveness of levodopa
- Increased plasma levels with CYP3A4 inhibitors
FAQ[edit]
How Should I Take the Tablet?
It can be taken with or without food.
What Should I Avoid While Taking?
Avoid alclhol and activities requiring mental alertness until you know how trifluoperazine affects you.
What Happens if I Miss a Dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double doses.
