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[[Category: Drugs]]
[[Category: Drugs]][[Category: Antipsychotics, typical; Antipsychotic 2nd Generation]]
'''Amisulpride'''(中文:[[      ]]) is an atypical antipsychotic or 2nd Generation antipsychotic medication. It is used to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia, in which
*positive symptoms (such as delusions, hallucinations, thought disorders) and/or
*negative symptoms (such as blunted affect, emotional and social withdrawal) are prominent.
 
==Pronunciation==
==Pronunciation==
===Amisulpride 100mg===
===Amisulpride 100mg===
Line 6: Line 10:
===Amisulpride 400mg===
===Amisulpride 400mg===
[[File:Amisulpride 400mg.mp3]]
[[File:Amisulpride 400mg.mp3]]
==Drug Names==
{| class="wikitable"
!Generic Name 藥名
!HA Code 藥物代碼
!Classification藥物分類
|-
|Amisulpride Tab 100 mg
|AMIS01
|P1S1S3
|-
|Amisulpride Tab 200 mg
|AMIS02
|P1S1S3
|-
|Amisulpride Tab 400 mg
|AMIS04
|P1S1S3
|}
==Mechanism of Action==
Amisulpride selectively blocks dopamine D2 receptors in the brain.
It has no affinity for serotonic, α-adrenergic, histamine H1 and cholinergic receptors.
The effectiveness of amisulpride in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is due to its blockade of the presynaptic dompamine D2 receptors. By blocking them amisulpride increases dopamine concentrations in the synapse. This increased dopamine is theorized to act on dopamine D1 receptors to relieve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
==Dosage==
{| class="wikitable"
!style="text-align: left"| Indication
!style="text-align: left"| Dose
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Acute psychotic episode in Schizophrenia 
|By ''mouth
ADULT:
*400 - 800 mg daily in 2 divided doses, adjusted according to response;
*Maximum 1.2 g per day
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms
|By ''mouth
ADULT:
*50 – 300 mg daily
|}
How long does it take for Amisulpride to work?
The patient may start to feel better in a short time but it can take as long as 6 to 8 weeks before the benefits of this medicine is noticed.
==Side Effects==
It produces a moderate degree of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS. These symptoms include:
*Drooling/trouble swallowing
*Restlessness/constant need to move
*Shaking (tremor)
*Shuffling walk
*Stiff muscles
*Severe muscle spasms/cramping (such as twisting neck, arching back, eyes rolling up)
*Mask-like expression of the face
*Tardive dyskinesia (any uncontrollable movements such as lip smacking, mouth puckering, tongue thrusting, chewing, or unusual arm/leg movements
Other adverse effects include the following:
{| class = "wikitable"
!style="text-align: left"| Endocrine disorders
|
Common: hyperprolactinaemia (elevated levels of the hormone prolactin, which for females may result in
*Galactorrhea (unwanted breast milk)
*amornorrhea (missed/stopped periods),
For males it may result in
*decreased sexual ability, or
*gynecomastia (enlarged breast)
Rare: benign pituitary tumour such as prolactinoma
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Muscle/Nervous system disorders:
|
Common:
*Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
-Tremor
-Akathisia
-Parkinsonism
-hypersalivation
*Anticholinergic side-effects such as:
-Dry mouth
-Constipation
-Blurred vision
*Insomnia
*Anxiety
*Agitation
*Nausea and vomiting
Uncommon: tardive dyskinesia and seizures
Rare:
*Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Metabolism disorders
|
Uncommon: hyperglycemia
Rare:
*Hyponatraemia
*Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Cardiac disorders
|
Common: hypotension
Rare:
*Ventricular arrhythmia
*Ventricular fibrillation, or tachycardia
*QT interval prolongation
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Hypersensitivity reactions
|Increased sensitivity to the sun or notice symptoms of sunburn (such as redness, swelling, blistering) which may occur more quickly than normal
|-
!style="text-align: left"| Investigations
|
Common:
*weight gain
|}

Revision as of 00:08, 28 October 2020

Amisulpride(中文:[[ ]]) is an atypical antipsychotic or 2nd Generation antipsychotic medication. It is used to treat acute and chronic schizophrenia, in which

  • positive symptoms (such as delusions, hallucinations, thought disorders) and/or
  • negative symptoms (such as blunted affect, emotional and social withdrawal) are prominent.

Pronunciation

Amisulpride 100mg

Amisulpride 400mg

Drug Names

Generic Name 藥名 HA Code 藥物代碼 Classification藥物分類
Amisulpride Tab 100 mg AMIS01 P1S1S3
Amisulpride Tab 200 mg AMIS02 P1S1S3
Amisulpride Tab 400 mg AMIS04 P1S1S3

Mechanism of Action

Amisulpride selectively blocks dopamine D2 receptors in the brain. It has no affinity for serotonic, α-adrenergic, histamine H1 and cholinergic receptors. The effectiveness of amisulpride in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia is due to its blockade of the presynaptic dompamine D2 receptors. By blocking them amisulpride increases dopamine concentrations in the synapse. This increased dopamine is theorized to act on dopamine D1 receptors to relieve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Dosage

Indication Dose
Acute psychotic episode in Schizophrenia By mouth

ADULT:

  • 400 - 800 mg daily in 2 divided doses, adjusted according to response;
  • Maximum 1.2 g per day
Schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms By mouth

ADULT:

  • 50 – 300 mg daily

How long does it take for Amisulpride to work?

The patient may start to feel better in a short time but it can take as long as 6 to 8 weeks before the benefits of this medicine is noticed.

Side Effects

It produces a moderate degree of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS. These symptoms include:

  • Drooling/trouble swallowing
  • Restlessness/constant need to move
  • Shaking (tremor)
  • Shuffling walk
  • Stiff muscles
  • Severe muscle spasms/cramping (such as twisting neck, arching back, eyes rolling up)
  • Mask-like expression of the face
  • Tardive dyskinesia (any uncontrollable movements such as lip smacking, mouth puckering, tongue thrusting, chewing, or unusual arm/leg movements

Other adverse effects include the following:

Endocrine disorders

Common: hyperprolactinaemia (elevated levels of the hormone prolactin, which for females may result in

  • Galactorrhea (unwanted breast milk)
  • amornorrhea (missed/stopped periods),

For males it may result in

  • decreased sexual ability, or
  • gynecomastia (enlarged breast)

Rare: benign pituitary tumour such as prolactinoma

Muscle/Nervous system disorders:

Common:

  • Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)

-Tremor -Akathisia -Parkinsonism -hypersalivation

  • Anticholinergic side-effects such as:

-Dry mouth -Constipation -Blurred vision

  • Insomnia
  • Anxiety
  • Agitation
  • Nausea and vomiting

Uncommon: tardive dyskinesia and seizures Rare:

  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Metabolism disorders

Uncommon: hyperglycemia Rare:

  • Hyponatraemia
  • Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Cardiac disorders

Common: hypotension Rare:

  • Ventricular arrhythmia
  • Ventricular fibrillation, or tachycardia
  • QT interval prolongation
Hypersensitivity reactions Increased sensitivity to the sun or notice symptoms of sunburn (such as redness, swelling, blistering) which may occur more quickly than normal
Investigations

Common:

  • weight gain
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