Dexamethasone: Difference between revisions
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==Dosage== | |||
Dosages of steroids vary widely in different diseases and in different patients. | |||
When long-term steroid therapy is used in some chronic diseases, the adverse effects of treatment may be great. To minimize side-effects the maintenance dose should be kept as low as possible. | |||
Steroids are used both topically (by rectum or eye) and systemically (by mouth or intravenously). | |||
Whenever possible local treatment with creams, intra-articular injections, inhalations, eye-drops or enemas should be used in preference to systemic treatment. | |||
The suppressive action of a steroid on cortisol secretion is least when it is given as a single dose in the morning. | |||
Revision as of 02:26, 5 October 2020
Pronunciation
Dexamethasone 0.5mg
Introduction
Dexamethasone is a steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. It is used to treat a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.
Indications include:
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Asthma
- Croup in children
- dermatitis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Cerebral oedema associated with malignancy
- Counteract nausea and vomiting effects of cancer chemotherapy
- Administered before antibiotics in cases of baceterial meningitis. It reduces the inflammatory response, thus reducing hearing loss and neurological damage.
- High-attitude cerebral edema (HACE) and high-attitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), help climbers to cope with complications of high-attitude sickness
Equivalent anti-inflammatory doses of steroids
| Prednisolone 5 mg is equivalent to | Betamethasone 750 micrograms |
|---|---|
| dexamethasone 750 micrograms | |
| hydrocortisone 20 mg | |
| methylprednisolone 4 mg | |
| triamcinolone 4 mg |
Mechanism of Action
Immunosuppression agent, Steroid replacement agent, Anti-inflammatory agent
| Generic Name
藥名 |
HA Code 藥物代碼 | Classification藥物分類 |
|---|---|---|
| Dexamethasone Tablet 0.5 mg | DEXA01 | P1S1S3 |
| Dexamethasone Tablet 4 mg | DEXA19 | P1S1S3 |
| Dexamethasone 0.1% + Chloramphenicol 0.5% Eye Drops 5ml | DEXA16 | P1S1S3 |
| Dexamethasone 0.1% + Neomycin 0.5% Eye Drops 10ml | DEXA04 | P1S1S3 |
Dosage
Dosages of steroids vary widely in different diseases and in different patients. When long-term steroid therapy is used in some chronic diseases, the adverse effects of treatment may be great. To minimize side-effects the maintenance dose should be kept as low as possible. Steroids are used both topically (by rectum or eye) and systemically (by mouth or intravenously). Whenever possible local treatment with creams, intra-articular injections, inhalations, eye-drops or enemas should be used in preference to systemic treatment. The suppressive action of a steroid on cortisol secretion is least when it is given as a single dose in the morning.
