Haloperidol

Haloperidol(中文:[[ ]]) is a typical antipsychotic medication. It is used in the treatment of various psychoses including:

• Schizophrenia
• Bipolar disorder
• Delirium
• in Tourette’s syndrome and severe tics
• in intractable hiccups
• in severe anxiety including for sedation of patients in intensive care or palliative care
• in the management of nausea and vomiting of various causes

It may be used by mouth. A long-acting formulation may be used as an injection every 4 weeks in people with schizophrenia, who either forget or refuse to take the medication by mouth. Doses are expressed in terms of the equivalent amount of haloperidol. Haliperidol decanoate 141 mg is equivalent to about 100 mg of haloperiodl. Dosages should be reduced in elderly or debilitated patients; a usual starting dose is half the normal adult dose.

Pronunciation

Haloperidol 1.5mg

Haloperidol 10mg

Haloperidol 1mg

Drug Names

Generic Name 藥名	HA Code 藥物代碼	Classification藥物分類
Haloperidol Tab 1 mg	HALO14	P1S1S3
Haloperidol Tab 1.5 mg	HALO03	P1S1S3
Haloperidol Tab 5 mg	HALO05	P1S1S3
Haloperiodl Drops 2mg/ml 30ml	HALO16	P1S1S3
Haloperidol IM Injection 5mg/ml 1ml	HALO08	P1S1S3

Mechanism of Action

Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic that blocks dopamine D2 receptor with high affinity. The presumed effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs relied on their ability to block dopamine receptors. This assumption arose from the dopamine hypothesis that maintains that both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are a result of excessive dopamine activity. In addition, haloperidol also acts as an antagonist (blocking agent) on different postsynaptic and presynaptic receptors:

• Dopamine receptors (subtypes D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5), which account for its antipsychotic properties
• Serotonin receptors (5-HT2, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7), with anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anti-aggressive properties
• Histamine receptors (H1 receptors) accounting for sedation, antiemetic effect
• α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors accounting for lowering of blood pressure, reflex tachycardia, vertigo, sedation, hypersalivation and incontinence as well as sexual dysfunction
• M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors causing anticholinergic symptoms such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, difficulty to urinate, sinus tachycardia, and loss of memory.