Citalopram: Difference between revisions
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===Citalopram 20mg=== | ===Citalopram 20mg=== | ||
[[File:Citalopram 20mg.mp3]] | [[File:Citalopram 20mg.mp3]] | ||
==Common Strengths of Citalopram Tablet== | |||
Citalopram are available in the following strengths: | |||
*Tablets: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg | |||
*Oral solution: 10 mg/5 mL | |||
==Drug Trade Names of Citalopram Tablet== | |||
CIPRAM | |||
==Drug Usage== | |||
*Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults | |||
*Off-label uses: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) | |||
==Mechanism of Action== | |||
It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its reuptake into presynaptic neurons, thereby enhancing serotonergic activity. | |||
==Route of Administration== | |||
Oral (tablets and solution) | |||
==Dosages== | |||
*Initial dose: 20 mg once daily | |||
*Maintenance dose: 20 - 40 mg once daily | |||
*Maximum dose: 40 mg/day | |||
*Elderly: Recommended dose is 20 mg/day | |||
==Side Effects== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!style="text-align: left"| Frequency | |||
!Adverse reactions | |||
|- | |||
| Nausea | |||
|- | |||
| Dry mouth | |||
|- | |||
| Increased sweating | |||
|- | |||
| Drowsiness | |||
|- | |||
| Insomnia | |||
|- | |||
| Dizziness | |||
|- | |||
| Fatigue | |||
|- | |||
| Weakness | |||
|- | |||
| Tremor (shaking) | |||
|- | |||
| Sexual dysfunction (e.g. decreased libido, difficulty achieving orgasm, erectile dysfunction) | |||
|- | |||
| Diarrhea or constipation | |||
|- | |||
| Loss of appetite | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="9" | '''Serious | |||
| Allergic reactions: Symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat | |||
|- | |||
| Serotonin syndrome: Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea | |||
|- | |||
| QT prolongation: A dangerous heart rhythm condition that can lead to torsades de pointes. Symptoms may include fainting, dizziness, or irregular heartbeat | |||
|- | |||
| Suicidal thoughts or behaviors: Particularly in young adults, teenagers, and children, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dose | |||
|- | |||
| Manic episodes: Symptoms include racing thoughts, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, risk-taking behavior, and being unusually talkative or agitated | |||
|- | |||
| Severe nervous system reactions: Symptoms include very stiff muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, and tremors | |||
|- | |||
| Unusual bleeding: Including nosebleeds, bleeding gums, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or any bleeding that does not stop | |||
|- | |||
| Low blood sodium (hyponatremia): Symptoms include headache, confusion, problems with thinking or memory, weakness, and feeling unsteady | |||
|- | |||
| Seizures | |||
|} | |||
Revision as of 01:19, 1 August 2024
Drug class: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Citalopram (CIPRAM)（中文：西酞普蘭）
Pronunciation
Citalopram 20mg
Common Strengths of Citalopram Tablet
Citalopram are available in the following strengths:
- Tablets: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg
- Oral solution: 10 mg/5 mL
Drug Trade Names of Citalopram Tablet
CIPRAM
Drug Usage
- Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults
- Off-label uses: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
Mechanism of Action
It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its reuptake into presynaptic neurons, thereby enhancing serotonergic activity.
Route of Administration
Oral (tablets and solution)
Dosages
- Initial dose: 20 mg once daily
- Maintenance dose: 20 - 40 mg once daily
- Maximum dose: 40 mg/day
- Elderly: Recommended dose is 20 mg/day
Side Effects
| Frequency | Adverse reactions |
|---|---|
| Nausea | |
| Dry mouth | |
| Increased sweating | |
| Drowsiness | |
| Insomnia | |
| Dizziness | |
| Fatigue | |
| Weakness | |
| Tremor (shaking) | |
| Sexual dysfunction (e.g. decreased libido, difficulty achieving orgasm, erectile dysfunction) | |
| Diarrhea or constipation | |
| Loss of appetite | |
| Serious | Allergic reactions: Symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat |
| Serotonin syndrome: Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea | |
| QT prolongation: A dangerous heart rhythm condition that can lead to torsades de pointes. Symptoms may include fainting, dizziness, or irregular heartbeat | |
| Suicidal thoughts or behaviors: Particularly in young adults, teenagers, and children, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dose | |
| Manic episodes: Symptoms include racing thoughts, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, risk-taking behavior, and being unusually talkative or agitated | |
| Severe nervous system reactions: Symptoms include very stiff muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, and tremors | |
| Unusual bleeding: Including nosebleeds, bleeding gums, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or any bleeding that does not stop | |
| Low blood sodium (hyponatremia): Symptoms include headache, confusion, problems with thinking or memory, weakness, and feeling unsteady | |
| Seizures |
