Citalopram

Antidepressant Drug

Drug class: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

Citalopram (CIPRAM)（中文：西酞普蘭）

Pronunciation

Citalopram 20mg

Common Strengths of Citalopram Tablet

Citalopram are available in the following strengths:

• Tablets: 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg
• Oral solution: 10 mg/5 mL

Drug Trade Names of Citalopram Tablet

CIPRAM

Drug Usage

• Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults
• Off-label uses: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Mechanism of Action

It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain by inhibiting its reuptake into presynaptic neurons, thereby enhancing serotonergic activity.

Route of Administration

Oral (tablets and solution)

Dosages

• Initial dose: 20 mg once daily
• Maintenance dose: 20 - 40 mg once daily
• Maximum dose: 40 mg/day
• Elderly: Recommended dose is 20 mg/day

Side Effects

Frequency	Adverse reactions
Common	Nausea
	Dry mouth
	Increased sweating
	Drowsiness
	Insomnia
	Dizziness
	Fatigue
	Weakness
	Tremor (shaking)
	Sexual dysfunction (e.g. decreased libido, difficulty achieving orgasm, erectile dysfunction)
	Diarrhea or constipation
	Loss of appetite
Serious	Allergic reactions: Symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
	Serotonin syndrome: Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, fever, sweating, shivering, fast heart rate, muscle stiffness, twitching, loss of coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
	QT prolongation: A dangerous heart rhythm condition that can lead to torsades de pointes. Symptoms may include fainting, dizziness, or irregular heartbeat
	Suicidal thoughts or behaviors: Particularly in young adults, teenagers, and children, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dose
	Manic episodes: Symptoms include racing thoughts, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, risk-taking behavior, and being unusually talkative or agitated
	Severe nervous system reactions: Symptoms include very stiff muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, and tremors
	Unusual bleeding: Including nosebleeds, bleeding gums, abnormal vaginal bleeding, or any bleeding that does not stop
	Low blood sodium (hyponatremia): Symptoms include headache, confusion, problems with thinking or memory, weakness, and feeling unsteady
	Seizures