Cabergoline
Drug class: Dopaminergic Antiparkinsonian Agent; Prolactin Inhibitor
Cabergoline (DOSTINEX)（中文：卡麥角林）
Common Strengths
- 0.5 mg
Drug Trade Names
- Dostinex
Drug Usage
Cabergoline is utilized for:
- Treating hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin levels).
- Managing prolactinomas (tumors that produce prolactin).
- Adjunct therapy in Parkinson's disease.
Mechanism of Action
Cabergoline works by stimulating dopamine D2 receptors, which inhibits the secretion of prolactin from the pituitary gland. This action helps normalize prolactin levels and can improve symptoms related to hyperprolactinemia and certain cases of Parkinson's disease.
Route of Administration
Cabergoline is administered orally in tablet form.
Dosages
- Initial dose: 0.25 mg twice weekly
- Maximum dose: 1 mg twice weekly
Side Effects
| Frequency | Adverse reactions |
|---|---|
| Common Side Effects | Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, and abdominal pain. |
| Serious Side Effects | Cardiac valvopathy, pulmonary fibrosis, severe hypotension, and compulsive behaviors (e.g. gambling) |
Pharmacokinetics
- Onset of Action: Typically, within a few hours after administration.
- Duration of Action: Long-lasting effects, allowing for dosing twice weekly.
- Half-life: Approximately 63 to 109 hours after oral administration.
Drug Precautions
Pregnancy
The safety of cabergoline during pregnancy is not well established.
Breastfeeding
Cabergoline is not recommended during breastfeeding due to its potential effects on milk production.
Children and Elderly
Use in children requires careful consideration and monitoring. In elderly patients, increased sensitivity to side effects may occur; dosage adjustments may be necessary.
