Rotigotine
Drug class: Dopaminergic Antiparkinsonian Agent
Rotigotine (NEUPRO)（中文：羅替戈汀）
Common Strengths[edit]
Rotigotine is available in a transdermal patch form, which provides a continuous release of the medication over 24 hours. It is available in several strengths:
- 1 mg/24 hr
- 2 mg/24 hr
- 3 mg/24 hr
- 4 mg/24 hr
- 6 mg/24 hr
- 8 mg/24 hr
Drug Trade Names[edit]
- Neupro
Drug Usage[edit]
- Rotigotine is used for:
- Treating Parkinson's disease (both early and advanced stages)
- Managing moderate-to-severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)
Mechanism of Action[edit]
Rotigotine acts as an agonist for dopamine receptors (D1, D2, D3) in the brain, which helps restore balance of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is deficient in Parkinson's disease. It also interacts with adrenergic and serotonergic receptors, contributing to its therapeutic effects.
Route of Administration[edit]
Rotigotine is administered transdermally via a patch applied to the skin once daily.
Dosages[edit]
- Parkinson's Disease: Start at 2 mg/24 hr; may increase to a maximum of 8 mg/24 hr.
- RLS: Start at 1 mg/24 hr; maximum of 3 mg/24 hr.
Side Effects[edit]
| Frequency | Adverse reactions |
|---|---|
| Common Side Effects | Nausea |
| Vomiting | |
| Dizziness | |
| Drowsiness | |
| Application site reactions (redness, itching) | |
| Weight gain | |
| Serious Side Effects | Sudden sleep episodes |
| Hallucinations | |
| Increased compulsive behaviors (gambling, sexual urges) | |
| Ortostatic hypotension (sedden drop in blood pressure) leading to dizziness or fainting |
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
- Onset of Action: Effects may be observed within a few days of starting treatment.
- Duration: Rotigotine transdermal patch provides continuous drug delivery for 24 hours.
- Half-Life: Approximately 5 to 7 hours after patch removal, with an initial half-life of around 3 hours.
Drug Precautions[edit]
Pregnancy
Use only if benefits outweigh risks.
Breastfeeding
Unknow if it is excreted in human milk; caution is advised.
Children and Elderly
- Children: Safety and efficacy not established; not recommended for pediatric use.
- Elderly: No significant differences in pharmacokinetics, but increased sensitivity may occur.
Drug Monitoring Items
Blood pressure, signs of compulsive behaviors, and application site reactions should be monitored regularly.
Drug Interactions
Caution with other CNS depressants, antipsychotics, and medications that affect dopamine levels. Specific interactions with drug like sulpiride and metoclopramide should be avoided.
FAQ[edit]
How Should I Take Rotigotine?
Rotigotine is not available in tablet form; it is administered via a transdermal patch applied to clean, dry skin once daily.
What Should I Avoid While Taking?
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, as they can increase drowsiness. Avoid applying heat to the patch area, as heat can increase drug absorption.
What Happens if I Miss a Dose?
Apply the missed patch as soon as remembered, then continue with the regular schedule. Do not apply an extra patch to compensate for the missed dose.
