卡馬西平

Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Carbamazepine appears to work as well as phenytoin and valproate for focal and generalized seizures. It is not effective for absence or myoclonic seizures. It is used in schizophrenia and as a second-line agent in the management of bipolar disorder unresponsive to lithium.

Pronunciation

Carbamazepine 200mg

Carbamazepine controlled-released 200mg (TEGRETOL CR 200mg)

Generic Name 藥名	HA Code 藥物代碼	Classification藥物分類
Carbamazepine Suspension 100mg/5ml	CARB49	P1S1S3

Mechanism of Action

Anticonvulsant medication. It is a sodium channel blocker. It binds to sodium channels and suppresses repetitive neuronal firing.

Dosage

1. Epilepsy

Oral	initially 100 – 200 mg 1-2 times daily, increased slowly by increments of up 200 mg daily every week to an usual maintenance dose of 0.8 – 1.2 g daily in divided doses; up to 2 g daily may occasionally be necessary.
By rectum	for short-term use (Max. 7 days) when oral therapy temporarily not possible; 125-mg suppository approximately equivalent to 100-mg tablet, but final adjustment should always depend on clinical response. Max. 1 g daily in 4 divided doses.
Elderly	reduce initial dose.
Child	the usual daily dose may be given according to age as follows:
	• Up to 1 year: 100 to 200 mg
	• 1 to 5 years: 200 to 400 mg
	• 5 to 10 years: 400 to 600 mg
	• 10 to 15 years: 0.6 to 1 g
	• Over 15 years: usual adult doses
	The maximum recommended daily dose, according to age, is as follows:
	• Up to 6 years: 35 mg/kg
	• 6 to 15 years: 1 g
	• Over 15 years: 1.2 g

2. Trigeminal neuralgia

Oral	initially 100 mg 1-2 times daily, increased gradually according to response; usual dose 200 mg 3-4 times daily, up to 1.6 g daily in some patients

3. Bipolar disorder

Oral	initially 400 mg daily in divided doses increased until symptoms controlled; usual range 400-600 mg daily; max. 1.6 g daily

4. Treatment of alcohol withdrawal

Oral	initially 400 mg daily in divided doses increased until symptoms controlled; usual range 400-600 mg daily; max. 1.6 g daily

5. Diabetic neuropathy

Oral	initially 100 mg 1-2 times daily, increased gradually according to response; usual dose 200 mg 3-4 times daily, up to 1.6 g daily in some patients

Note	Plasma concentration for optimum response 4-12 mg/litre (20-50 micromol/litre)